In a large bowl, dissolve the sugar in warm water. Sprinkle the yeast on top and let it sit for 5-10 minutes, until it becomes foamy. This means the yeast is activated and ready to make the dough rise.
Add the flour, salt, and oil or melted butter to the bowl. Mix everything until a dough forms. You can use a wooden spoon or your hands.
Once the dough starts coming together, knead it for 5-7 minutes. Kneading helps to develop the gluten, which gives the bread its structure. The dough should become smooth and elastic.
Cover the dough with a clean kitchen towel and let it rest in a warm place for 1-2 hours, or until it doubles in size. This process is called proofing, and it allows the yeast to create air bubbles in the dough, making it light and fluffy.
Once the dough has risen, punch it down to release the air. Shape it into a round or oval loaf, depending on your air fryer basket size.
Preheat your air fryer to 350°F (175°C). Some air fryers need to preheat, while others don’t. Check your model’s instructions.
Lightly grease the air fryer basket or line it with parchment paper to prevent sticking. Prepare the egg wash for the bread. Mix the egg yolk and water. Brush the bread with egg wash or brush with melted butter.
Place the shaped dough in the basket. Bake for 25-30 minutes, or until the top is golden brown and sounds hollow when tapped. You can check the bread’s doneness by inserting a toothpick in the middle—if it comes out clean, your bread is ready.
Carefully remove the bread from the air fryer and let it cool on a wire rack. Cooling helps the bread set and makes it easier to slice.
Once cooled, slice and enjoy with butter, jam, or your favorite spread. Fresh air fryer bread is best enjoyed warm!